30 Aprile 2009

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Il riassorbimento radicolare è una condizione che può interessare ogni campo dell’odontoiatria. Esso è caratterizzato da una perdita di sostanza a carico del cemento e della dentina della radice del dente, cui può conseguire la riduzione della lunghezza radicolare (1).
Mentre il riassorbimento dei denti decidui è un processo programmato e fisiologico, per la radice permanente questo fenomeno rappresenta un processo complesso e potenzialmente distruttivo (2).

Abstract - Orthodontic root resorption. A literature review
Objectives. Root resorption is a disease that can affect the precementum and cementum on the outer root surface (external resorption) or the predentine on the inner root surface (internal resorption). The aim of this paper is to describe epidemiological, etiological, pathogenetic, clinical and treatment aspects of orthodontic EARR (External Apical Root Resorption) on the basis of literature data.
Materials and Methods. EARR etiology is based on two basic pathological steps: the injury of root surface and the stimulation with activation of multinucleate cells. Several mechanical and chemical predisposing factors have been identified, but orthodontic tooth movement is the most common cause by far. EARR risk factors related with orthodontic treatment are genetic susceptibility, systemic factors, drugs, anomalies of root form, previous dental trauma and variables related to orthodontic treatment (direction and extent of tooth movement, characteristic of used forces, extraction model).
Results and Conclusions. Pre-treatment and post-treatment periapical X-rays are very useful to identify early root resorption and to decide whether to continue, modify or discontinue orthodontic treatment.

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